Definition: Posterior hip dislocation: Displacement of the femoral head out of the acetabulum towards the posterior aspect of the pelvis. Epidemiology: Represents approximately 90% of all hip dislocations. Often results from high-energy trauma such as road traffic accidents. Clinical Presentation: Severe pain in the affected hip and inability to move the leg. Limb appears shortened, adducted, and internally rotated. Possible associated injuries, especially if trauma was the cause. Investigations: X-ray of the pelvis: Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views are standard for diagnosis. CT scan: To assess associated fractures or to guide treatment. Management: Immediate closed reduction: Under sedation or general anaesthesia to reduce risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Operative intervention if closed reduction fails or in the presence of associated fractures. Post-reduction X-ray to confirm the correct positioning of the femoral head within the acetabulum. Physiotherapy and mobilisation as soon as it is deemed safe. Complications: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head: Due to disruption of its blood supply. Osteoarthritis: Secondary to joint trauma. Sciatic nerve injury: Due to its proximity to the hip joint. Recurrent dislocation. Prognosis: Depends on the promptness of reduction, extent of injury, and associated injuries. Early reduction minimises the risk of complications.
