Fibroadenoma

Benign tumours composed of glandular and stromal breast tissue.

Most common benign breast tumours in young women, typically aged 15-35 years.

• Exact cause unknown, but it’s associated with reproductive hormones, especially oestrogen.
• Increased incidence in women on hormone therapy, especially during post-menopause.

• Palpable lump: Firm, smooth, rubbery, and movable (‘breast mice’) with well-defined edges.
• Usually painless, but can be tender or painful in some cases.
• Size can change with menstrual cycle, growing larger and more tender.

• Ultrasound: First-line imaging, especially in women < 40 years. Helps differentiate solid from cystic masses.
• Biopsy: Core needle or excisional biopsy to confirm diagnosis and rule out malignancy.
• Mammography: Typically for older women or if there are any atypical features.

• Observation: Many fibroadenomas remain stable or even shrink over time. Regular monitoring recommended.
• Surgical excision: Considered if the tumour is large, growing, or causing significant symptoms.
• Non-surgical treatments: Cryoablation or laser ablation in selected cases.

• Fibroadenomas are benign but need differentiation from malignant breast tumours.
• They are hormonally responsive and can change in size during menstrual cycles or pregnancy.
• Regular breast self-examinations are crucial for early detection of any breast lumps.